Jardiance, a branded formulation of empagliflozin, is primarily used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Belonging to the class of drugs known as sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors, Jardiance is prescribed along with diet and exercise to help control blood sugar levels in adults with type 2 diabetes. Here is an in-depth look at the drug, including answers to the question - how to avoid yeast infections on Jardiance? This is a common question among patients on the drug, who experience certain undesirable outcomes.
Overview of Jardiance
Empagliflozin lowers blood sugar levels and can also lead to weight loss and reduced blood pressure. In addition to its use in managing type 2 diabetes, Jardiance has been approved to reduce the risk of cardiovascular death in adults with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease. It has also demonstrated benefits in reducing the risk of hospitalization for heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
Mechanism of action of Jardiance
The active ingredient in Jardiance, empagliflozin, is an inhibitor of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2, located in the kidneys. The main function of SGLT2 is to reabsorb glucose from the urine back into the bloodstream, thereby increasing blood glucose levels. Jardiance works by blocking the action of SGLT2, preventing the reabsorption of glucose in the kidneys. This leads to increased glucose excretion through urine, resulting in lower blood glucose levels. By reducing the amount of glucose reabsorbed by the kidneys, Jardiance helps to eliminate excess glucose from the body.
The inhibition of SGLT2 by Jardiance also leads to additional therapeutic effects. Since glucose is being excreted in the urine, the body starts to utilize alternative energy sources, such as fat, resulting in weight loss. Additionally, Jardiance has been shown to have a diuretic effect, causing an increase in urine production and reducing fluid retention. This diuretic effect can lead to a decrease in blood pressure.
The mechanism of action of Jardiance is specific to its effects on SGLT2 and glucose regulation. It does not directly increase insulin production or sensitivity. Jardiance is typically prescribed as an adjunct to diet and exercise for the management of type 2 diabetes, but its mechanism of action can also confer cardiovascular benefits, such as reducing the risk of cardiovascular death and hospitalization for heart failure in certain patients with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease.
What is the connection between yeast infections and Jardiance?
Jardiance does not directly cause yeast infections, but there is a potential increased risk of genital mycotic infections, including yeast infections, in individuals taking SGLT2 inhibitors such as Jardiance. The mechanism behind this increased risk is related to the way SGLT2 inhibitors work. These medications, including Jardiance, reduce blood glucose levels by increasing glucose excretion through the kidneys. The excess glucose in the urine can create an environment that is more conducive to the growth of fungi, including Candida, leading to an increased risk of yeast infections in the genital area, especially in women.
The increased risk of yeast infections associated with Jardiance is generally considered to be mild to moderate and can be managed with appropriate treatment. Individuals on Jardiance experiencing symptoms such as itching, redness, swelling, abnormal discharge, or discomfort in the genital area, are to consult healthcare providers for proper diagnosis and treatment.
Side effects of Jardiance?
Jardiance is generally well-tolerated, but like all medication, comes with the possibility of side effects. All users of Jardiance are unlikely to experience side effects, and the severity and frequency of side effects also vary from person to person. Possible side effects of Jardiance include:
- There is a potential increased risk of genital mycotic infections, including yeast infections, in individuals taking Jardiance. Symptoms may include itching, redness, swelling, abnormal discharge, or discomfort in the genital area.
- Jardiance can slightly increase the risk of urinary tract infections. Symptoms may include a frequent urge to urinate, pain or burning sensation during urination, cloudy or bloody urine, and lower abdominal pain.
- Jardiance works by increasing glucose excretion in the urine, which can lead to increased urination and increased thirst.
- Though Jardiance is not typically associated with hypoglycemia when used as a monotherapy, it can increase the risk of hypoglycemia when combined with certain other diabetes medications, such as insulin or sulfonylureas.
- The diuretic effects of Jardiance may lead to increased urine production. This can potentially cause dehydration, especially in elderly individuals or with underlying kidney problems. This can also lower blood pressure, resulting in symptoms like dizziness or lightheadedness.
- In rare instances, Jardiance has been associated with the risk of developing a serious condition called ketoacidosis. Symptoms may include excessive thirst, frequent urination, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, fatigue, and confusion.
How to avoid yeast infections on Jardiance?
Individuals on Jardiance desirous of reducing the risk of yeast infections, particularly in the genital area, are to take certain precautions and follow good hygiene practices, as outlined below:
- The genital area is to be kept clean and dry. Wash the area gently with mild, fragrance-free soap and warm water. Avoid using harsh soaps, douches, or feminine hygiene sprays, as they can disrupt the natural balance of bacteria and yeast in the vagina.
- Choose cotton underwear and avoid tight-fitting or synthetic materials that can trap moisture and heat, creating a more favorable environment for yeast to grow. Cotton allows for better air circulation and helps keep the genital area dry.
- Avoid using perfumed or heavily scented products in the genital area, such as scented tampons, pads, or toilet paper, as they can cause irritation. Choose unscented or hypoallergenic products instead.
- Change tampons and sanitary pads frequently during your period to minimize moisture and promote cleanliness.
- Emptying your bladder before and after sexual activity can help flush out bacteria and reduce the risk of urinary tract infections, which can sometimes be associated with yeast infections.
- Intake of adequate amount of water helps stay hydrated, as this can help maintain good vaginal health.
- Ensure blood sugar levels are under control as directed by the healthcare provider. High blood sugar levels can contribute to an increased risk of yeast infections.
- Any symptoms of a yeast infection, such as itching, redness, swelling, abnormal discharge, or discomfort in the genital area, are to be informed to the healthcare provider. Prescribed or recommended medications can help manage the symptoms accordingly.
What are the chances of individuals getting affected with yeast infections when on Jardiance?
The chances of developing yeast infections while taking Jardiance can vary among individuals. The risk of yeast infections, including genital mycotic infections, is considered a potential side effect associated with the use of SGLT2 inhibitors.
Clinical studies have reported an increased incidence of genital mycotic infections in individuals taking SGLT2 inhibitors. However, the exact frequency of yeast infections specifically related to Jardiance may vary from person to person. The reported rates of yeast infections in clinical trials of Jardiance have generally been low to moderate. Other factors can influence the likelihood of developing a yeast infection while taking Jardiance. These factors include individual susceptibility, personal hygiene practices, hormonal changes, immune system function, and pre-existing medical conditions.